Bone Abstracts

Low bone density in younger women is often due to underlying conditions such as eating disorders, premature ovarian failure or glucocorticoid treatment. It may also be due to genetically low peak bone mass.In general, absolute fracture risk in young women is low, even in the context of low bone density. Management should begin with treatment of underlying causes where possible, and lifestyle modification where appropriate.The evide...

The epidemiological evidence is clear that higher body weight is protective against most fractures in adults. However, the same may not be true in children. Understanding the mechanisms of interaction of fat and bone may give useful insights into underlying physiology for prevention of fracture.In general, higher body weight in adults is associated with higher bone mineral density and is protective against fracture, but may be associated with an increase...

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Obesity is associated with greater risk of proximal humerus and ankle fracture, despite greater areal BMD (aBMD). We aimed to investigate whether greater risk of some fractures in obesity was due to skeletal or non-skeletal determinants. 100 individually-matched pairs of normal weight (NW) (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) and obese (OB) (BMI >30 kg/m2) individuals, aged 25–40 and 55–75 years underwent DXA to determine hip and lumbar spine aBMD, whole ...

Background: The presence of vascular calcification (VC) is a predictive factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, especially in the obese population. VC has also been inversely associated with bone mineral density (BMD) but the results have been inconsistent. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between VC, obesity and volumetric BMD (vBMD).Methods: We studied 148 healthy men and women, aged 55–75 years, divided i...

Bisphosphonates are used to treat bone disease characterised by increased bone resorption by inhibiting the activity of mature osteoclasts, resulting in decreased bone turnover. Bisphosphonates may reduce the population of osteoclast precursor cells (OPCs). Our aims were to investigate the effect of bisphosphonates on i) OPCs and ii) bone turnover in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis compared with healthy premenopausal women. Participants were 62 postmenopausal women (mea...

Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with bisphosphonates reduces bone resorption and formation. Sclerostin, an osteocyte regulator of bone formation may be involved in these changes. Some studies have reported an increase in sclerostin associated with bisphosphonate treatment while others have reported a decrease. The aims were to determine the effect of bisphosphonates on i) circulating sclerostin and ii) PINP in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. We studied 92 post...

Three oral bisphosphonates ibandronate, alendronate, and risedronate are commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis but they have not previously been compared in the same study. Our aim was to identify determinants of change in bone turnover markers (BTM) in response to these bisphosphonates in a 2-year randomised parallel group trial. We recruited 171 postmenopausal osteoporotic women (<85 years) who were randomised to receive ibandronate (150 mg monthly), alendronat...

FGF-23 is a phosphate regulating hormone and its production may be stimulated by circulating levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D). Teriparatide administration increases levels of 1,25-(OH)2D, however it is unclear whether this mediates changes in FGF-23 levels. The aims were i) to determine the effect of teriparatide treatment on circulating levels of FGF-23 and 1,25-(OH)2D and ii) to describe the time course of effect in postmenopau...

Background: It is well established that Asians have lower levels of vitamin D (25OHD) when compared to Caucasians. Vitamin D binding protein (DBP) levels are also lower in some races than in Caucasians.Objectives: i) To find out whether DBP is lower in Asians; ii) To find out whether free 25OHD is lower in Asians; iii) To find out whether PTH is increased in Asians and interpret this in relation to 25OHD levels and iv) To find out whether the increment i...